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How To Search
New Users
To view newspaper pages, users will need a copy of the free Adobe Reader which you can get here.Basic Searches
Enter a word, a list of words or a phrase to search. A phrase is two or more words next to one another such as "Mary Smith" or "New Deal". For phrase searching, ENTER THE PHRASE IN QUOTES. The results will be displayed by order of the number of hits with the search word(s) in context.You can exclude one or more words from your search by entering a minus sign (-) before the word(s). For example, to search for apples but not MacIntosh , enter the search as: apples -macintosh
To exclude a phrase, enter the phrase in quotation marks like this: apples -"red delicious"
Consider using "adjacency" in your search. For example a search for "thomas w/3 osborne" will search for "thomas" within three words of "osborne" and will retrieve "thomas osborne", "thomas m. osborne" and "thomas mott osborne." Choose 'boolean' as the search type using the drop down menu and do not use quotation marks.
To view a result, click on the file name. The page will open in Adobe Reader with the 'hits' highlighted. Use the Zoom In tool on the Adobe Reader tool bar to enlarge the text.
Advanced Searches
Choose Search type: All of the words (the default), Any of the words, Exact Phrase or Boolean search.
All of the words: all of the words must appear somewhere on the same page.Any of the words: any one of the words must appear somewhere on the page
Exact phrase: the words must appear adjacent to each other on the page.
Boolean search: Use connectors such as and and or to indicate the relationship between words or phrases in your search request.
Examples of Boolean searches:
| apple and pear | Both words must be present |
| apple or pear | Either word can be present |
| "thomas m osborne" AND auburn | The phrase "thomas m osborne" is present with the word "auburn" |
Stemming extends a search to cover grammatical variations on a word. For example, a search for fish would also find fishing. A search for applied would also find applying, applies, and apply. There are two ways to add stemming to your searches:
- Check the Stemming box in the search form to enable stemming for all of the words in your search request.
- If you want to add stemming selectively, add a ~ at the end of words that you want stemmed in a search. Example: apply~
For help on Searching by date and Printing parts of a page see our Frequently Asked Questions page.